Investigate the Effect of pH on Immobilised Yeast Cells on the Breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Investigate the Effect of pH on Immobilised Yeast Cells on the Breakdown of henry bleachSafety=======* Extreme alkaline and acids are used so essential wear gloves, goggles and apron.* Be very careful not to halt contact with either of the chemicals, as they will be irritable and some corrosive to the skin and eyes.* There must be no running and any other normal laboratory rules should be followed as usual.* Hydrogen peroxide is corrosive and so should not be touched.* A lab technician should immediately wash up up spillages.* Always be careful of the glass instruments as these could break.Background knowledge In my experiment I will be measuring the beatof oxygen given of in a gas syringe over a certain time purpose fromdifferent pH levels.Hydrogen hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound, H2O2, a colourless, syrupyliquid that is a strong oxidizing agent and an in water solvent aweak acid. It is miscible with stale water and is soluble in alcoholand ether. Although pure hydrogen peroxide is fairly stable, itdecomposes into water and oxygen when heat above about 80C it alsodecomposes in the presence of numerous catalysts e.g. most metals,acids.The properties and factors that effect breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxideare grand in this investigation. The reaction of Hydrogen Peroxideforms water and oxygen, which is shown in the equation below.2H2O2 2H2O + O2On its own this reaction is very slow and normally a catalyst isneeded to fixedness up the reaction. A catalyst is used to urge on upreactions without it getting used up. So a biological catalyst such asan enzyme is used to speed up the process in the equation above. In myexperiment I am going to do I am using dried yeast, which contains asuitable enzyme catalase. So therefore I am using the catalase inthe yeast to speed up the reaction, the products world produced andthe overall results.To explain why enzymes speed up reactions it is based on the collisiontheory. The enzymes, which are immobilis ed in the yeast-based beads,will give many active sites for the substratum (Hydrogen Peroxide) tobind (lock) with. This will extend the collisions and thereforethe rate of reaction.Immobilised enzymes can be washed and re-used. The beads are allrelatively the same sizing so that there is less venture of error on theinvestigation. Immobilised enzymes are also more stable in extremes oftemperature and pH, which it will need for my experiment.A fan solution is one, which resists changes in pH when lesserInvestigate the Effect of pH on Immobilised Yeast Cells on the Breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide GCSE Chemistry Coursework InvestigationInvestigate the Effect of pH on Immobilised Yeast Cells on the Breakdown of Hydrogen PeroxideSafety=======* Extreme alkaline and acids are used so must wear gloves, goggles and apron.* Be very careful not to make contact with any of the chemicals, as they will be irritable and some corrosive to the skin and eyes.* There must be no running and any other normal laboratory rules should be followed as usual.* Hydrogen peroxide is corrosive and so should not be touched.* A lab technician should immediately wash up spillages.* Always be careful of the glass instruments as these could break.Background knowledge In my experiment I will be measuring the amountof oxygen given of in a gas syringe over a certain time period fromdifferent pH levels.Hydrogen Peroxide is a chemical compound, H2O2, a colourless, syrupyliquid that is a strong oxidizing agent and an in water solution aweak acid. It is miscible with cold water and is soluble in alcoholand ether. Although pure hydrogen peroxide is fairly stable, itdecomposes into water and oxygen when heated above about 80C it alsodecomposes in the presence of numerous catalysts e.g. most metals,acids.The properties and factors that effect breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxideare important in this investigation. The reaction of Hydrogen Peroxideforms water and oxygen, which is shown in the equation b elow.2H2O2 2H2O + O2On its own this reaction is very slow and normally a catalyst isneeded to speed up the reaction. A catalyst is used to speed upreactions without it getting used up. So a biological catalyst such asan enzyme is used to speed up the process in the equation above. In myexperiment I am going to do I am using dried yeast, which contains asuitable enzyme catalase. So therefore I am using the catalase inthe yeast to speed up the reaction, the products being produced andthe overall results.To explain why enzymes speed up reactions it is based on the collisiontheory. The enzymes, which are immobilised in the yeast-based beads,will give many active sites for the substrate (Hydrogen Peroxide) tobind (lock) with. This will increase the collisions and thereforethe rate of reaction.Immobilised enzymes can be washed and re-used. The beads are allrelatively the same size so that there is less chance of error on theinvestigation. Immobilised enzymes are also more stable in extrem es oftemperature and pH, which it will need for my experiment.A buffer solution is one, which resists changes in pH when small

how to argue and win every time Essay -- essays research papers

HOW TO ARGUE AND WIN EVERYTIMEJerry Spence startes off by asking why do we implore? He says that he doesnt like to argue and he doesnt like people that do. The confused me at first. He askes why not ty to get along, and besides when he argues he loses. He says we were born to make a winning lean just as we were born to walk. Mr. Spence says that we are so bound up, so mute. From the jiffy we have been conditioned to avoid confrontation. We have been taught not to let our emotions show. By the time we become adults the word argue calls up dark and negative feelings. many throughout our lives have forced up to accept their ways, their relugion, their values, ect...The key to our freedom is embarrassingly obvious. We need only to give ourselves allowance, to unlock to doors. The key is to give ourselves permission to peer out of our closets and to look around, to ask questions and demand respect. We need to speak out and just to be. Most people are afriad to argue because it just c auses trouble. Our arguements plow sour, the words ugly, the passages to the heart close, and the feelings of love are replaced by the hurt and the anger. But, fear is ourr ally. Fear confirms us. Fear is our energy that is convertible to POWER-our power. We need to learn not to frightened of our fear but to embrace it. If you feel your fear, you can also feel its power and you can change its power into YOUR power. First, to win an argument, exhaustive preparation is essential. The nearly prepared person will usually win. In the preparation process, you must thoroughly research and come across your case, and you must also thoroughly research and understand your opponents position. You should know and understand the facts and arguments of your opponent better than he or she does. Second, you must have a profound understanding of the thinking and emotions of the decision maker(s) - in his case, the jury. Your argument should be framed to harmonize with the decision makers values, wants and needs. You must understand the prejudices of the jurors and address the built-in objections they may have to your arguments. You must help them to understand the motives of your client and direct with them as their own. In other words, empathize with the jurors and help them empathize with your client. Mr. Spence emphasizes that, in order for the jurors to believe your arguments, you must ar... ... listen with empathy to the other side of the argument. This is so censorious in our everyday lives. We must listen not to refute but to learn. Many times we will be able to avoid an argument birthday suit and quickly reach common ground. At the very least, we will be able to clearly understand where the other side is coming from. Even though Gerry Spence is a lawyer, he addresses the types of argument most of us will face. He writes about how to win argument in love relationships as well as business relationships. He even has a separate chapter entitled, " Arguing with K ids. Spence builds his argument chapter by chapter. He carefully lays out his well-reasoned case in such a manner that the reader may find her or himself nodding in agreement. Spences skills in the art of persuasion may remind you of a master in the martial arts. I found this book an easy and enjoyable read. How to Argue and Win Every Time is filled with many chunks of wisdom. Some of the insights have been verbalise before, but the book contained a surprising amount of unique, original material. Do I now win every argument? Well no, but I must say that I have avoided several since reading this wonderful book.

Space and Power: An Analysis of the DC Riots :: Free Essays Online

Space and Power An Analysis of the DC Riots Federal Communications Commissioner Nicholas Johnson has stated, A riot is more or lessbody talking. A riot is a human race crying out, Listen to me mister. There is something Ive been trying to tell you and youre not listening. (Gilbert ix). During the 1960s the Civil Rights Movement made a transition from an dedication to the ideology of nonviolence to one of black power and self-defense. After the death of Martin Luther King Jr., waves of disorder spread through the African American sections of more than long hundred cities across the nation however, the heaviest damage was done in the nations capitol of Washington D.C. (Gilbert 15-16). I am arguing that the cause of the riots was white people who antagonized and alter African Americans to an unbearable point. African Americans turned to militancy in hopes that it would bring some attention to the problems they were facing. During this time period, radical militant black power leadi ng also traveled to Africa and other third world countries to call for revolutions. The conditions of the cities where many of the uprisings occurred were deteriorating. Research has shown that blacks faced discrimination in employment, education, housing, and in matters dealing with the police. According to Joseph R. Brandt, a black minister during the 1960s, In nearly every way, the gap between black people and whites has widened, rather than narrowed (Barndt 17). An article published in 1969 in the Washington Post stated, Today the Negro wage earner makes 53 percent of his white brothers salary, while in 1953, the figures were 59 percent. The African Americans of Washington, D.C. did not only making very little progress, they had actually gone backwards. Black people compromised more than one-half of the population of Washington, D.C. but they had less than eighth of the top jobs in the city (Are D.C.).Compared to a white person, an African-American had only a one-forth chance o f getting a job (Boesel 312). In 1969, employees of the familiar Services Administration charged their employer with systematic racial discrimination in its staffing, promotion and training practices (Honsa). Segregation could also be found in veritable estate and housing. The refusal of many institutions to grant a housing mortgage loan to black people was a definite factor in keeping some of the areas of the city segregated (Asher, F10). In 1964 complaints were filed against ten Washington real estate firms that showed different lists of available apartments to blacks than they did to whites (Core).

How ATVs Work Essay -- essays research papers

Thesis statement All terrain vehicles are helpful and reusable and I willexplain how they work and how to fix them in this paper.Outline Inn this paper I will discuss ATVs and general intimacy andgetting them wet. I also will discuss their origin and how they need care andhow to keep them doing good for a long time. What is an ATV? It is an All Terrain Vehicle, also called triplet orfour wheelers. It is also called a quad or ATV. An ATV is built to gowhere other vehicles cannot go. ATVs are also built to handle a lot ofstress and abuse. ATVs are virtually indestructible however, they have afew weaknesses and it is important to know and understand those fewweaknesses. You should always do a complete check of your ATV beforeequitation . Second, ATVs also provide power and speed. There are alsoamphibian ATVs that botch and go like a boat. ATVs were first workvehicles for telephone and electrical linemen and other types of people.They used the ATVs to get from one pole to other tha t went overdifficult terrain where 4x4 trucks could not go.(Estrem ATVs 10)Second, you do not need a special permit or disgustrs license to drivea ATV although special training is recommend by several manufacturersand some even give seminars and free classes. I believe that somecompanys give cash back to people who take classes. I ,myself, have nottaken any of these classes. There are no age limits or restrictions becausethese are not operated on public streets, roads or highways. ATVs areOff-road machines. There is also safety gear to protect you from harm.These accessories include helmets, gloves, boots, dressing table protectors and soon. (Estrem ATVs 10-11)Third, ATVs need some type of power plant to propel them. The types ofpower plants that are most common are the cardinal stroke railway locomotive and the fourstroke engine (A stroke is one movement of the piston Microsoft Encarta96 Internal Combustion Engine). The general principle of the two-strokeengine is to shorten the periods in which fuel is put into the combustionchamber and in which the spent gases are exhausted to a small fraction ofthe duration of a stroke instead of allowing each of these operations tooccupy a full stroke. In the simplest type of two-stroke engine, the poppetvalves are replaced by sleeve valves or ports (openings in t... ...fiedBuggy class. At home on sand, dirt, or the surface of Mars, thesecompetition-designed vehicles spend as much time on their roll bars as theydo on their tires. The series will feature another buggy class called theStadium Lites. The Lites are an ultra-quick, lightweight version of theSupers and are based on Hondas Odessey/ operate line of full roll cage ATVs.Finally, the Stadium Thunder Bikes will wow the crowd with high-flyingaction. These big, bad, four-stroke bikes are the same machines used fromBaja to Supercross. (Internet VIA America Online Internet Provider)In Conclusion ATVs are fun yet dangerous. ATVs require a lot ofcare and maintenance bu t they will give you a good feeling in life thatcannot be matched. I have discussed Water damage and how to prevent it,good riding spots and how to care for the major parts of your ATV. I havealso told about the the renewed interest of ATV stadium riding and racing. Ihave not tried this but it whitethorn be fun. Please though observe all rules andsafety protocols to prevent injury or death. If you respect the laws and usecommon sense and care ATV riding and racing can be an enjoyableexperience.

Nicholas Ferrar :: essays research papers fc

Nicholas Ferrar was assumed to be born in 1592. I have found that his most probable take over date was in February of 1593. This is due to the usual calendar confusion England was not at that time using the new calendar adopted in October 1582. It was 1593 match to our modern calendar, but at the time the new year in England began on the following March 25th.Nicholas Ferrar was one of the more interesting figures in slope history. His family was quite wealthy and were heavily involved in the Virginia Company, which had a Royal Charter for the plantation of Virginia. People like Sir Walter Raleigh were often visitors to the family home in London. Ferrars niece was named Virginia, the first known use of this name. Ferrar studied at Cambridge and would have gone further with his studies but the damp air of the fens was bad for his health and he traveled to Europe, spending time in the warmer climate of Italy.On his return to England he found his family had fared badly. His brother John had become over extended financially and the Virginia Company was in danger of loosing its charter. Nicholas dedicated himself to saving the family fortune and was successful. He served for a short time as Member of Parliament, where he tried to put up the cause for the Virginia Company. His efforts were in vain for the company lost their charter anyway.Nicholas is given credit for founding a Christian community called the English Protestant Nunnery at Little Gidding in Huntingdonshire, England. After Ferrar was ordained as a deacon, he retired and started his little community. Ferrar was given help and support with his semi-religious community by John Collet, as well as Collets wife and fourteen children. They devoted themselves to a life of prayer, fasting and almsgiving (Matthew 62,5,16). The community was founded in 1626, when Nicholas was 34 years old. Banning together, they restored an abandoned church that was being used as a barn. Being of wealthy decent, Ferrar purcha sed the manor of Little Gidding, a village which had been chuck out since the Black Death (a major outbreak of the bubonic plague in the 14th century), a few miles off the Great North Road, and probably recommended by John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln whose palace was in the nearby village of Buckden. About thirty people along with Mary Ferrar (Ferrars mother) moved into the manor house.

Nicholas Ferrar :: essays research papers fc

Nicholas Ferrar was assumed to be born in 1592. I fox found that his most probable birth date was in February of 1593. This is due to the usual calendar confusion England was not at that time using the sore calendar adopted in October 1582. It was 1593 according to our modern calendar, but at the time the new year in England began on the following March 25th.Nicholas Ferrar was angiotensin converting enzyme of the more interesting figures in English history. His family was quite wealthy and were heavily involved in the Virginia Company, which had a Royal Charter for the plantation of Virginia. People same(p) Sir Walter Raleigh were often visitors to the family home in London. Ferrars niece was named Virginia, the first known use of this name. Ferrar studied at Cambridge and would have gone further with his studies but the damp beam of the fens was bad for his health and he traveled to Europe, spending time in the warmer climate of Italy.On his return to England he found his fam ily had fared badly. His brother rear had become over extended financially and the Virginia Company was in danger of loosing its charter. Nicholas dedicated himself to saving the family fortune and was successful. He served for a short time as Member of Parliament, where he tried to promote the cause for the Virginia Company. His efforts were in vain for the company lost their charter anyway.Nicholas is given credit for founding a Christian community called the English Protestant Nunnery at Little Gidding in Huntingdonshire, England. After Ferrar was ordained as a deacon, he retired and started his little community. Ferrar was given help and place upright with his semi-religious community by John Collet, as well as Collets wife and fourteen children. They devoted themselves to a life of prayer, fasting and munificence (Matthew 62,5,16). The community was founded in 1626, when Nicholas was 34 years old. Banning together, they restored an abandoned church that was being used as a b arn. Being of wealthy decent, Ferrar purchased the manor of Little Gidding, a village which had been discarded since the Black Death (a major outbreak of the bubonic plague in the 14th century), a few miles glowering the Great North Road, and probably recommended by John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln whose palace was in the nearby village of Buckden. About thirty people along with bloody shame Ferrar (Ferrars mother) moved into the manor house.

Different kinds of short story

As there are varieties of subjects, themes and art, there are various types of a shortsighted story. Some of the types are ancient tales, humor, satire, fantasy, biography, education, local color, and history. Lets us become a glimpse on each one of them in this article. 1. Ancient Tales It is the power of the utilization of the ancient form of the tale in the modern short story. Italian writer Giovanni Vergas The She-Wolf (1880), and Chinese writer Yeh Shao-Chuns Mrs.Lis Hair are remarkable examples. 2. Fantasy Fantasy stories are nothing but the fair combination of the grey-headed tales tradition and the supernatural details. The fine examples of such stories are British writer John Colliers horror fantasy Bottle Party (1939), Irish author Elizabeth Bowens The behemoth Lover (1941), and British author Sakis Tobermory (1911). 3. Humor These types of stories are meant for producing surprise and delight.You will see that the most famous humorous tales and fables were written by th e Americans. Mark Twains The historied Jumping Frog of Calaveras County (1865), and Joel Chandler Harriss The Wonderful Tar-Baby Story (1894) are remarkable. There is serious humor in the works of Americans like Eudora Weltys Petrified Man (1939) and Dorothy Parkers The Custard Heart (1939). 4. satire The master(prenominal) purpose of satire is to attack the evils of society. There are writers who wrote stories of sober satire.Austrian author Arthur Schnitzlers Fate of the Baron (1923), and American Mary McCarthys The Man in the Brooks Brothers tog (1941) are known for their somber satire. 5. Education Story Such stories revolve around the education of the main character. The good example is American educator Lionel Trillings Of This Time, of That backside (1944). 6. History History types deal with a life story or historical event. Weltys A Still Moment (a 1943 tory about naturalist John pile Audubon) is fine example of story dealing with history event. . Local Color These types of stories deal with the customs and traditions of rural and small-town life. You can enjoy the local color in the stories of George Washington Cable, Maria togewortn, saran orne Jewett, ana Mary WIIKlns Freeman. I nese are some 0T tne types you may find in sort story genre. In recent times, stories have more local color, diversities in the representations, making use of dialects, and vernacular impressions. The story writes have been taking somewhat flexibility in writing stories as they wish.

Valley of the Immortals

SHAMBHALA vale OF THE IMMORTALS SHAMBHALA vale OF THE IMMORTALS www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA valley OF THE IMMORTALS Table of Contents The Jade towboat 3 The Secret Entrance to the Valley of the Immortals 5 Mysterious Mountain People 8 A Lost Oasis of Advanced Spiritual Culture 11 Eyewitness Reports of Shambhala 12 Trans-Hima go underan St wizardhenge 14 More Strange Pheno mena in Tibet 16 The Mystery of the Magical Sceptre 18 The Shambhala Triangle 21 Journey to the consecrated landed estate 22 subterraneous Vaults in the Himalayas 25 The White benefit and The Shambhala Triangle 28 The Tibetan Roswell 0 The Crystal Cave of the Nagas 32 drained Alien Found Alive 35 Russian Scientists View an E on that pointal Solar System 36 The Laboratories of Shambhala 37 Conclusion 40 by Tony Bushby June 2009 2011 Website http//www. vatileaks. com www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS The Jade Tower In Tibetan scriptures and in Far Eastern tradition, in that respect is an superannuated and widespread ruling in a Secret Kingdom of Wise workforce living in seclusion in inaccessible circumstancesous per centums of Asia. Orientalists call this recondite aim Chang Shambhala, or Northern Shambhala (sometimes spelled Shamballa).Tibetan monks avow that there is an enigmatic vale of bang-up beauty, surrounded by a circle of snowy mountains extending from northerly Tibet. -into Mongolia, that is inaccessible to travellers without experienced or mystical guidance. It is state in tradition that this hidden land is unr several(prenominal)lyable except to initiates or persons dedicated to the religious resurrection of opuskind. Its centre is full(prenominal)lighted by the noted Jade Tower that stands in an ancient city which monks adopt is heated by warm water rising from underground streams, and the steam generated rises into the atmosphere to form a natural temperature inversion.This valley is not seen from the air because the phenomenon produces a high, light, misty c everywhere that conceals the underlying landscape. Various exploratory teams journeying in the Himalayas claimed to live camped by hot thermal restricts that supply rich ve pee-peeation in beas outside of which there was nothing precisely desolation, rock and ice. Like the Tibetans, Russians and Chinese,. the stack of India also believe in the human beings of an abide of perfect men and women which they call the Kalapa (sometimes Katapa) of Shambhala, who live-in the constant presence of other bealy energies.Professor Nicholas K. Roerich, an eminent Russian author, painter and explorer (1874-1947) spent ? ve years from 1923 to 1928 trekking through all s withal- snoop Tibetan prefectures. He wrote in his book Himalayas Abode of Light (N. K Roerich, Nalanda Publications, Bombay, l947) that this secret valley is beyond great lakes and the snow-covered peaks of the highest mountains in the world. It seems that Professor Roerich in reality stinted Sharnbhala, and for this reason his www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS ooks and paintings were thoroughly analysed for this article, as were the work of his son, Dr GeorgeRoerich (1902-1960), an outstanding orientalist, philologist, art critic and ethnographer with degrees from Harvard and the Sorbonne. The Roerich family lived in the Kulu Valley of Union India, in close proximity to the bounce of western Tibet, and from there organised several major expeditions into unexplored areas of the Tibetan Plateau, the highest land on Earth. These expeditions were manned by dozens of Norwegian, Sherpa, Tibetan, Mongol and Chinese assistants, and at times their missions endured for numerous months.Another renowned researcher, Andrew Tomas, author of Shambhala Oasis of Light (Sphere hold ups, London, 1977), spent m each years in Tibet, where he intentional that the realm of Shambhala is situated in a valley sheltered on every side by mighty snowy ranges and that its residents retreat into huge subterranean catacombs. These and other explorers of Asia put up indite close to unsuspected valleys lost amidst colossal snowy mountains on the Tibetan Plateau, verbalise to lie hidden somewhere in the vast reaches of the Himalayas.The Bhagavata Purana and the Sanskrit encyclopaedia Vachaspattya make up Shambhala on the northern side of the Himalayas at the pedestal of Mount Meru, where many believe that the temporal and the eternal meet. A more de? ned placement is shown on a 17th- nose candy map published in 1830 in Antwerp by Csoma de Koros, an Hungarian philologist who had spent four years in a Buddhist monastery in Tibet. He gave Shambhalas geographical bearings as between 45 and 50 degrees north latitude beyond Lake Manus Hu, approx. 100 kilometres eastern hemisphere of the village of Kara snow-cladthorn.Remarkably, another grey monk document, sighted by Russian explorer Nikolai M. Prjevalgky (1839-1888), de? nes the longitude of Shambhala as at 88 degrees (N. M. www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Prjeval thrash about, Mongolia, London, 1876, translated by Boris Fereng, p. 63). These two coordinates locate the domain of Shambhala as slightly east of the Altai Mountains, a major mountain system in Central Asia, peaking at 4,506 metres (14,783 feet), and precisely where the Poerich expeditions trekked on several occasion.The Secret Entrance to the Valley of the Immortals For millennia, the peoples of Asia learn believed this veto territory to be well guarded, accessible only to the pure of heart. But the questions to be addressed are who are the people that live in this cloistered area and what is their nature? Tibetan legend insists that this secret regulate is inhabited by Silent Sentinelsoformerly ordinary men and women who received a passport to Shambhala because of their religious progression.Andrew Tomas pre moves impressive evidence from Tibetan sources in ancient monastic libraries that he was privileged to access, and his ? ndings help us learn more about this enlightened colony The Brotherhood of Shambhala is presided over by a small hierarchy of superior beings sometimes alluded to as Mahatmas, which in Sanskrit means the great-souled ones. They are superhuman beings with preternatural powers who switch go offd their evolution on this planet only when remain with humanity in order to facilitate its ghostly progress he life- span of their bodies is intimately inde? nite because the Wheel of Rebirth has stopped for them. (Andrew Tomas, Shambhala Oasis of Light, op. cit. , pp. 43-44, passim) In other words, they are Immortal Beings and from what is know about this galaxy of illumined peoples, the concept of conversion is an essential part of their philosophy. Tibetan manuscripts add that from time immemorial, a dynasty of rational rulers of celestial origin has ruled the Kingdom of Shambhala and preserved the priceless legacy of Kalachakra, the mystic sci ence of recondite www. atileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Buddhism (Giuseppe Tucci, Tibetan Painted Scrolls, Rome, 1949, vol. 1). After seven years in Tibet and China, German author Hartwig Hausdorf wrote in his book Die weisse Pyramide (The White Pyramid) that the Elders of Shambhala are not sanctumly of this world they smack more of an Alien Mind.. .a species that the Universal Mind has placed on our Earth (Hartwig Hausdorf, Die Weisse Pyramide, republished in side by young Paradigm Books, Florida, 1998, pp. 92, 102, passim).Since time immemorial, Tibetans and other Asian races have believed that in their midst lived sages who had liberated themselves from death and wandered the Earth and the Universe at testament in a physical body. Ancients called them holy immortals and claimed that they had developed a series of alchemical elixirs of deathlessness, i n c l u d i n g powdered jade mixed with cinnabar that they drank to help prepare their bodies for the state of hsien material immortality in an etherealised body. The now-called Mahatma garners to A. P.Sinnett were create verbally between 1880 and 1885 by Mallatmas who were state to have actually inhabited Shambhala itself, and thus they represent a ? rst-hand source about the realm from within the closed circle of the Sages of the East themselves. (Alfred Percy Sinnett 1840-19211 was the British editor program of the English daily newspaper, the Pioneer, in Allahabad, India, where he lived from 1879 to 1889, and who was privileged to be, admitted into the Himalayan Brotherhood of High Yogis. ) From this correspondence, Sinnett wrote The Occult World (1881) and Esoteric Buddhism (1883), both of which had a major in? ence in generating public rice beer in Theosophy. The replies and explanations given by the Shambhalan Mahatmas to Sinnetts questions were embodied in their letter and published in 1923 as The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett. (The pilot light letters from the Mahatmas are www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS preserved in the British Library and can be viewed by special permission in the Department of Rare Manuscripts. ) The try of this bass kingdom comes further into focus later on a study of the writings of the Mahatmas, who were believed to be a class of people with prophetic abilities.In one letter to Sinnett in 1881, the author, the venerable Mahatma Morya, an eastern initiate of Rajput birth, describes the imposing secret entrance into the Valley of the Immortals At a certain spot not to be mentioned to outsiders, there is a chasm spanned by a frail bridge of woven grasses and with a raging torrent beneath. The bravest section of your Alpine clubs would scarcely dare to venture the passage, for it hangs uniform a spiders web and seems to be rotten and impassable. stock-still it is not and he who dares the trail and succeeds s he will if it is right that he should be permitted.. .comes into a gorge of surpassing beauty of scenery, to one of our places and to some of our people, of which and whom there is no note or minute among European geographers. At a sways throw from the old genus Lamasery stands the old Tower within whose bosom have gestated generations of B o d h i s a t t v a s compassionate persons whose essence is perfect knowledge. (Passport to Shambhala, published by the West Siberia Geographical hostelry, 1923, Letter 18, p. 1, English supplanting by Professor Vladimir Andrei Vasiliu, 1933 includes a complete order of battle of The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnettj) The dwellers of confused villages in Tibet have claimed that none can pass certain areas without a permit Mahatma Morya added to the intrigue You have already perceive from reliable travellers how guides refuse to lead them in certain directions. They would rather let themselves be killed than lead you forward. So, if a reckless traveller nevertheless goes forward, a mountain landslide begins to rumble before him.If the traveller surmounts this obstacle, then a shower of stones will carry www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS him away, for the unwelcome one shall not attain his destination. (op. cit. , Letter 18, p. 32) People and animals are known to have unnaturally trembled on approaching certain localities in that area, as if bombarded by invisible rays. An unnamed 19th- century Dalai Lama, the spiritual leader of Tibet, at one stage travelled the long journey from Lhasa to Mongolia and at one place on the route people and animals in his caravan began to quiver for no apparent reason.The Dalai Lama explained the phenomena by saying that the party was crossing part of the forbidden district of Shambhala whose psychic vibration was to a fault high for the travellers (N. K. Roerich, eye of Asia, Roerich Museum Press, unused York, 1930 also Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. cit. , p. 54). The Russian explorer N. M. Prjevalsky and the German linguist and historian A. H. Francke reco rd in their books the strange behaviour of natives who could not be forced under any condition to enter certain districts in northern Tibet (N. M. Prjevalsky, Mongolia, op cit. , p. 01 A. H. Francke, A History of Western Tibet, Partridge and Co. , London, 1907). A Russian member of one of Roerichs expeditions personally told Andrew Tomas that their group had the same experience in the depths of Asia, where, for no apparent reason, assistants in the expedition refused to proceed further at one spot in northern Tibet. The Russian himself admitted that he could not understand why he did not feel like riding any further, saying that it was eldritch and inexplicable, a feeling that he did not wish to experience again (Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. it. , p. 58). Mysterious Mountain People In Turfan, Sinkiang, western China, Roerich expedition members listened to an interest story of a tall, dark- haired woman wearing an earnest expression on her face who regularly came out of the deep ca verns to help the needy, her deeds instilling great respect among the populace throughout the entire Asiatic region. www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Riders vanishing with torches into subterranean passages were also mentioned (Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. cit. , p. 9), as were eyewitness reports of brightly clad, crowned lamas (supposedly from Shambhala) seen seated in palanquins, each carried by four men. Roerich registers that tall, slim, white-skinned people had been seen disappearing into rock galleries upon the approach of strangers. Later, when his expedition was crossing the Karakoram Pass, Roerich relates that he was informed by a native guide that tall, white-clad men and women had been seen on occasions appearing from secret entrances in that area, and sometimes travellers were helped by these dim mountain people.In the early 1900s, the Statesman newspaper in India published a story about a British major who had seen a tall, lightly clad man with lo ng hair leaning on a high bow and scanning the valley. Noticing the major, the man jumped take a vertical slope and disappeared. The natives calmly utter to Roerich, He had seen one of the snowmen who guard the sacred land (N. K. Roerich, Heart of Asia, op. cit. ). In one of his paintings, Roerich portrays a Snow Maiden amidst rocks and snow, also holding a bow. In spite of the glaciers and the apparent cold conditions, she is lightly clad as if protected from the cold by a warm aura.Roerich adds In the foothills of the Himalayas are many caves, and it is verbalise that from these caves subterranean passages proceed for below Kinchinjunga. Some have even seen the stone door which has never been opened because the date has not startd. The deep passages proceed to the splendid valley. (N. K. Roerich, Himalayas Abode of Light, op. cit. , cited in Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. cit. , p. 39) Professor Roerichs reference de? nes the splendid valley of the Immortals. Early in his long journey, Roerich came www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS cross pilgrims who told him Behind those mountains live holy men and women who are saving humanity through wiseness many have tried to see them except failed somehow as soon as they go over the ridge, they lose their way (N. K. Roerich, Heart of Asia, op. cit. also Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, p. 59, passim). Yet Nicholas Roerich went into that territory on a pony. He remained absent for a a couple of(prenominal) days and, when he returned, Asiatics prostrated themselves at his feet, exclaiming that he was a god, for no man could have penetrated the termination of Shambhala without divine credential (Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. it. , p. 58). Maybe there was a reason for Roerichs unrestricted entry into the forbidden enclave, for the Mahatmas assured Sinnett those whom we desire to know will ? nd us at the very frontiers (Passport to Shambhala, op. cit. , Letter 15, p. 131). Roerichs remarks to a lama (re ligious teacher) in Tibet stir ? rst-hand knowledge of his reaching Shambhala We ourselves have seen a white frontier post of one of the trine posts of Shambhala (N. K. Roerich, Himalayas, op. cit. ).Apart from searching for the home of the Mahatmas, the purpose of one of Roerichs expeditions across Tibet and Xinjiang to Altai in 1928 is not made entirely clear in his diary, but it appears to have been associate to the return of a small section of a sacred Cosmic Stone to its rightful home in the Jade Tower in the centre of Shambhala. This fragment was last sent to Europe to aid in the establishment of the League of Nations which, though ending in failure, was so delectable later on the First World War (J. Saint-Hilaire, On Eastern Crossroads, New York, 1930, cited by Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. cit. , p. 63).This fragment was said to be part of a much large-scale Cosmic Stone, and it seems that Roerich was a pre bandaged carrier to return it to Shambhala. www. vatileaks. co m SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS A Lost Oasis of Advanced Spiritual Culture The folklore of old Russia also points to the reality of a community of inspired men and women at a place in the heart of Asia, called Belovodye, in Russian-the Land of the Living Gods. In the annual daybook of the Russian Geographical Society for 1903, there is an article titled The Journey of Ural Cossacks into the Belovodye Kingdom, written by an explorer named Koroleko.Likewise, in October 1916 the West Siberia Geographical Society published an account by Belosliudov, a Russian historian, titled To the History of Belovodye. Published as they were by scienti? c bodies, both of these articles are of great interest because they reveal a strong tradition that still circulates among old believers in Russia, one that maintains that Belovodye is a secret earthly paradise existing somewhere in the area of far southwestern Siberia. These two articles lend support to our basic theme of a hidden, sacred kingdom somewhere around the northern roughly regions of Tibet, a kingdom of ancient high wisdom.The traditional tale about the extraordinary, reclusive people of an ancient civilisation in this hidden land was relayed by a mysterious native sage to Russian psychiatrist and author Dr Olga Kharitidi during her stay in remote Siberia Their main achievements had been in developing the inner dimensions of the mind their entire society possessed a beautiful spiritual intensity that in modern materialist culture is experienced only by a few. They possessed dum entraping psychological wisdom. They were able to control their personal experience of time, and they had learnt to communicate tele cartroadically over great distances.They had great skills in projecting the future, and their social structure was the most impelling that ever existed. (Dr Olga Kharitidi, Entering the Circle, Harper San Francisco, 1996) www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS But one law of the Valley of the Immortals forever remains in force, that being that the unwanted shall not reach it (Road to Shambhala, a rare 18th-century Tibetan book written by the third Panchen Lama or vast Scholar (1738-1780), translation by Cheng Yuan, 1901). scarcely those who have heard Kalagiya, the call to Shambhala sent on the wind (ibid. or by telepathic communication from the big Masters can ever hope to arrive safely in the Valley of the Wisest People on Earth (L. C. Hamamoto, The Soul Doctrine, Lhasa, translation by C. Chan, 1916p. 67). Eyewitness Reports of Shambhala During the ? rst century CE, Apollonius, a highly regarded and charismatic classical sage, received the call and travelled to Shambhala. He had earlier received directions and knew exactly where to ? nd what was then called the Abode of the Sages (A. P. Sinnett, Esoteric Buddhism, London, 1903 reprint from the 1883 original).Apollonius was born at Tyana in Captadocia in the third year of this era and died in 98 CE. He was named af ter the Greek god Apollo, and the populace fondly called him the son of God (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th ed. , vol. 10, Apollonius). He taught the doctrine of the Inner Life (ibid. ), went barefoot, wore his hair long, cultivated a beard and clothed himself in white linen garments. On his travels he took an Assyrian scribe called Damis, who record Apollonius sayings and deeds in a daily diary. It was from Damis collection of 97 codices that the remarkable stories of Apollonius life experiences were preserved.Around 200 CE, Empress Julia Domna, second wife of the British-born Roman Emperor Septimus Severus (emperor from 193 to 211 CE), exhibited such an interest in the momentous events in Apollonius life that she commissioned the Greek scribe and sophist, Flavius Philostratus (C. 170 www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS c. 245 CE), to write the biography, which he called The Life of Apollonius of Tyana. From these records, we learn that Apollonius stayed in the T rans-Himalayan awkward for many months (Philostratus, The Life of Apollonus of Tyana, Loeb Classical Library, London, 1912, eight books in two volumes, translated by F.C. Conybeare note that the upcoming Apollonius quotes are drawn from Book 3, which is almost entirely apply to his journey to northern Tibet). Upon Apollonius arrival in a city under the mountain called Paraca (ibid. ), he presented a letter to the then king, Hiarchas (larchas in some translations, inwardness Holy Ruler), and was surprised to learn that its contents were already known to the king. Apollonius turned to Damis and said, We have reached men who are unfeignedly wise, for they seem to have the hold of foreknowledge (ibid. ).During his time there, he witnessed incredible things such as wells in the ground projecting vertical beams of brilliant bluish light. He also talked with perplexity about what he called pantarbes, or luminous stones, that could be activated to radiate so much light that night could be turned into day at will. The scienti? c and mental achievements of the inhabitants of this lost city impressed Apollonius so much that he only nodded his head when King Hiarchas said to him, Ask us whatsoever you like, for you ? nd yourself among people who know everything (ibid. ).Apollonius enquired as to who they thought themselves to be, and King Hiarchas replied, We consider ourselves to be gods (ibid. ). Not only did Apollonius see the people of Shambhala utilise the power of the Sun, but. he adage them levitating themselves two cubits approx. one metre high from the ground, not for the sake of miraculous display, for they disdain any such ambition but they regard any rites they perform, in thus quitting earth and walking with the Sun, as acts of homage acceptable to the God. (Philostratus, The Life of Apollonius of Tyana, op. cit. , Book 3) www. vatileaks. comSHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Parallel phenomena were reported in the 20th century by renowned orientalist, a uthor and the ? rst western womanish lama, Madame Alexandra David-NEel (1868-1969), thus supporting the ancient records of Philostratus. She describes Shambhala as a realm not moored in time or space as we are Shambhala is here today and gone tomorrow (Alexandra David-Neel, Magic and Mystery in Tibet, Dover Publications, New York, 1971, ? rst published in 1929) Of the inhabitants of Shambha a Apollonius said they Were living upon the earth and yet not on it and forti? ed without forti? ations and possessing nothing yet having the riches of all men (Philostratus, The Life of Apollonius of Tyana, op. cit. , Book 3). As for the ideology of the inhabitants King Hiarchas professed a cosmic philosophy according to which the Universe is a living thing (ibid. ). The Mahatma Letters stresses the fact that they are not atheists or agnostics but pantheists in the widest sense of the word, believing that God and the Universe are ultimately identical. Their concept of cosmic evolution is the ba sis of why the idea of reincarnation is a major part of the philosophy of the Guardians of Mankind.Trans-Himalayan Stonehenge In 1923, and at an altitude of 4,572 metres (15,000 feet) in his Trans-Himalayan journey, Roerich was stunned to see three long straight rows of tall, vertically standing, scratch stones distinguished from the surrounding environment by their peculiar shape and design. This huge stone complex ended with a large circle of standing stones with three menhirs in its centre. He described the structure as a combination of Stonehenge in England and Carnac in the ancient Celtic world of Brittany, sites that he had visited previously.His caravan was destined to stop overnight near this stone enigma, but he stayed for three www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS days and discovered four additional rows of vertical stone formations in surrounding areas. Amazed by what he was witnessing, Roerkh asked his Tibetan guides, Pray tell me, who redress these st ones? He was told Nobody knows but this district from ancient times has been called Doring the place of the sacred standing stones. Our Ancients say that an unknown people passed here a long time ago they stopped for several generations but it did not father their permanent abode (N.K. Roerich, Himalayas, op cit. , passim). Roerich marvelled at the fact that travelling through the heights of the Trans- Himalayas he came across the embodiments of Stonehenge and Carnac (ibid. ). This painting by Roerich, titled The Black Gobi, shows a few of hundreds of ancient inscribed vertical standing stones on the barren heights of the Himalayas near the Gobi Desert. Nicholas Roerich, 1928 private collection (Note Beautiful reproductions of many of Roerichs paintings can be purchased from the Nicholas Roerich Museum, New York visit http//www. oerich. org. ) www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS More Strange Phenomena in Tibet Peculiar happenings have occurred in this vast terr itory, and some of those events reveal the presence of superior spiritual beings. Madame Alexandra David-Neel, in her book The Superhuman Life of Gesar of Ling (published by Claude Kendall, New York, translation by Violet Sydney, 1934, ? rst published in 1931), relates a personal and curious chronological sequence that took place in the small town of Jyekundo, located in a desolate district in northeastern Tibet.While there, she met a Tibetan lama who had the spirit of occasionally disappearing into a snowcapped mountain region where no villages existed and where a person could easily starve or quickly freeze to death. Inevitably he would return to civilisation after some time, and in reply to curious questions he would only say that he had been with gods in the mountains (ibid. ). One day, Madame David-Neel half-seriously asked the lama if, on his next trip, he would present a small gift of a bunch of Chinese paper ? owers to the Ruler of the Mountains (ibid. . Some months later, returning from his journey into that mysterious domain, he handed the French savant a souvenir given to him by that very person. It was a beautiful blue ? ower that blooms in southern Tibet in July. David-NEel was stunned, saying that in Jyekundo at that time the temperature was 20 degrees below zero, the river was covered with a layer of ice two metres deep and the ground was frozen solid. Where did you get this from? she asked in amazement. The lama answered, Maybe from a warm valley in the north (ibid. ).Roerich also recorded a series of extraordinary supernatural happenings, one being the sudden appearance of Rigden Jyope (or Djapo), the Ruler of Shambhala. It is said that when he entered a special lamaist temple, the candles all all of a sudden lit themselves. Roerich relayed this story There was a case of a sudden appearance of an exquisite www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS perfume, as if from temple incense, right in the heart of the Gobi with the ston y desert extending for hundreds of kilometres in all directions.Not a ace temple of hut was in sight and yet all the members of the expedition experienced the scent in their nostrils at the same time. This had happened on several occasions and there was absolutley nothing to explain it. (Quoted in Andrew Thomas, Shambhala, op. cit. , p. 57) In the dark of numerous nights, Roerich truism vivid ? ashes of vertical pillars of white light streaking into the sky. What is happening? he asked his lama guides. They answered, These are the rays from the Tower of Shambhala (N. K. Roerich, Himalayas, op. cit. , explaining that the beams were purposely directed upwards from a large, triangular-shaped, glowing stoneothe so-called Chintamani Stoneothat sat atop the Jade Tower. They told him it possessed occult properties capable of gravid telepathic inner, guidance and effecting a transformation of wittingness in those in contact with it. The astonishing thing about this tradition is that the Chintamani Stone is said to have been brought to Earth on a winged horse a lung-ta by messengers of the gods from a solar system in the constellation of Orion (Dr Walter Y.Evans-Wentz, The Tibetan Book of the Great Liberation, Oxford University Press, 1954), www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS This painting, titled Command of Rigden Djapo, like many of Roerich? s works contains concealed messages, Note the darkened fuselage of a sleek aircraft angled upwards, complete with a vertical tail section (left of exposure). In the top left corner, he subtly depicts pyramidal structures, maybe references to the 100 or so pyramids now known to exist in northern Asia. Nicholas Roerich 1926-27 private collection, MoscowIt seems that there was more than one of these strange and Precious Stones (ibid. ), for, according to ancient lamaist lore, three of these pyramidal coping stones were brought to Earth and set up in various locations wherever a spiritual mission vital to hum anity was established. A suggestion is that one was on the summit of the Great Pyramid at Giza, another on the Jade Tower of Shambhala, and the third may now be under the sea in a place we know as Atlantis. The Mystery of the Magical Sceptre In Tibet, it is traditionally held that in the year 331 CE a chest came from the sky (Andrew Tomas, Shambhala, op. it. , caption in photographs section), in which were found four sacred objects. Among them was a magical g o l d e n r o d called a dorge, said to have extraordinary supernatural capabilities. Fabulous accounts of-this rod have been circulating in Tibet for centuries, and silver, brass and iron replicas are found in most Tibetan lamaseries today. It is www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS believed that it emanated a brilliant radiance during special religious ceremonies, and in the hands of the King of Shambhala it was capable of focusing and manipulating potent cosmic forces.It is said that it also had the power o f casting thunderbolts and burning stacks in clouds. Many years after the breakthrough of the casket, ? ve strangers suddenly appeared before the then King of Shambhala, Thotho-ri Nytan-tsan, and instructed him on the proper use of the objects in the casket. Perculiar Craft over the Himalayas Mahatma Morya called Shamhala the city of Science (Passport to Shambhala, op. cit. , Letter 62, p. 101), and that makes it appropriate to examine the poissibility that this colony (or colonies) of a superior culture possesses an progress technology. ww. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS That the inhabitants of this enigmatic settlement are scienceconscious can be established from a story relayed by Roerich about a lama who was returning to his lamasery after a long trip from an outlying community. In a narrow secret subterranean passage, the lama met two men carrying a thoroughbred sheep, and they told him the animal was for scienti? c breeding in the Valley of the Immortals ( N. K. Roerich, Altai-Himalaya A Travel Diary, Arun Press, Brook? eld, CT, 1983, ? st published in 1929). In another account of Central Asia, titled Beasts, Men and Gods, researcher and author Dr Ferdinand Ossendowski records some fascinating facts, and his documentation is as intriguing to read as that of Nicholas Roerich, Alexandra David-Neel and Andrew Tomas. A Mongol lama told Dr Ossendowski not only about an extensive burrow system under the Himalayas but of strange vehicles that rushed through them at radically high speed (Ferdinand Ossendowski, Beasts, Men and Gods, E. P. Dutton & Co. , New York, 1922).To chatter of machines moving rapidly underground is to suggest a technological achievement of a high calibre in a time that appears to precede our sure understanding of complex machinery by centuries. This tradition originated long before the western world developed any sort of technology. There is a similar hearsay that subterranean vehicles once operated under the Giza Pla teau (10thcentury Arabic traditions). We should consider the possibility that maybe Shambhala and the Great Pyramid are connected by a tunnel system. In his travels through Tibet, Roerich read old lamaist texts that spoke of iron serpents which devour space with ? e and smoke and inhabitants of the distant stars (N. K. Roerich, Heart of Asia, op. cit. ). Also, incredible sightings of fastmoving airships in the zone of Shambhala are numerous. This report from Roerichs diary describes what happened as www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS his expedition was advancing in the vicinity of the Karakoram Mountains On August ? fthosomething remarkable We were in our camp in the Kukunor district not far from the Humboldt Chain. In the morning about half-past nine some of our caravaneers noticed a remarkably big black eagle ? ying over us.Seven of us began to watch this unusual bird. At this same moment another of our caravaneers remarked, There is something far above the bird . And he shouted in his astonishment. We all saw, in a direction from north to south, something big and shiny re? ecting like the sun, like a huge oval moving at great speed. hybridisation our camp this thing changed in its direction from south to southwest. And we saw how it disappeared in the intense blue sky. We even had time to take our ? eld glasses and saw quite distinctly an oval form with shiny surface, one side of which was brilliant from the sun. N. K. Roerich, Altai-Himalaya, op. cit. ) Roerichs sighting was some two decades before pilot Kenneth Arnold ? led his famous report of a formation of silver, circular, metallic craft skipping across the sky near Mount Rainier in Washington, USA, which resulted in the coining of the term ? ying saucers. Only an aircraft of unknown fibre could have performed the abrupt aerial manoeuvres recorded in Roerichs diary. At the sight of the disc in the sky, one of the lamas with the expedition calmly said to Roerich This is the sign of Shambhala ou are guarded by the Immortals of Shambhala did you notice the direction in which this sphere moved? you must follow the same direction (N. K. Roerich, Heart of Asia, op. cit. , passim). The Shambhala Triangle In our search for the mysterious Valley of the Immortals, the second part of our story identi? es the location of Roerichs three posts of Shambhala which form a Shambhala Triangle, an area of captivating events that include the recent discovery of interstellar tragedy records and sightings of clusters of pyramids in Tibet. ww. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Journey to the Sacred Kingdom The genera populace living in the sky-brushing land of Asia, aptly called the Roof of the World, has been acutely conscious of the verity of Shambhala for centuries now. The belief in a secret Kingdom of People has lived on throughout the ages, and the existence of Shambhala is further supported by a 1,000-year-old record. It comes to us from a Russian source, f ound in 1893 in a manuscript at the VyshenskioUspenski hermitage near Shatsk in Tambov Province.Called The Saga of Belovodye (Belovodye is Russian for Shambhala, or Land of the Living Gods), the story, appeared in the 4 April 1949 edition of Novaya Zarya (New Dawn), a Russian newspaper in San Francisco. It relays the account of a young Slavic monk named Sergius, who spent several years in a monastery on Mount Athos in northern Greece, beside the Aegean Sea. The ill health of his father caused him to return to Kiev, and some time after his arrival Sergius, then nearing 30 years of age, obtained an audience with Prince Vladimir the Great (956-1015 CE).His purpose was to relay to him what he had learnt in the monastic library about a mysterious land in the East where virtue and lustice prevailed (The Saga of Belovodye Novaya Zarya, ibid. ). Prince Vladimir was so fascinated by the story of the legendary land that in the year 987 he establish Sergius leader of a large expeditionary par ty that he equipped and dispatched in search of this Asiatic wonderland. The princes advisers estimated the. 6,000-mile (9,660-km) round journey would take three years, but decades passed without a word from the expedition.The people of Kiev believed that all members of the team had perished but in 1043 an old man appeared in Kiev, declaring himself to be the monk Sergius whom Vladimir the Great had sent in search of the Valley of the Immortals some 56 years earlier. The essence of his story was duly recorded and preserved among the mystics of a Russian monastery, and it was that document that was found in 1893. www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS sire Sergius said that at the end of the second year of their dif? ult journey, many people and animals in the group had died, either of extreme weather conditions or from attacks by wolves and bears. In one desolate territory, their party came across a pile of skeletons of men, horses, camels and donkeys and they were s o terri? ed that they refused to go any further. Only two of the party agreed to continue with Sergius, and at the end of the third year of travel these two companions were left in a village because of their impuissance health. Father Sergius himself had reached the limit of endurance but was determined to complete his journey or die.Rumours he heard from the people of various regions through which he passed indicated that such a fabulous land as Shambhala did exist and that he was heading in the right direction. He employed another guide who assured him that he could take him closer to the Sacred Kingdom, which the locals called the Forbidden Land.. .the Land of Living Gods and the Land of Wonders (The Saga of Belovodye, ibid. ). Three months later, Father Sergius reached the borders of Shambhala. At a particular point, his only be guide refused to proceed further, frightened of the invisible guardians of the snowy mountains.Sergius was still unafraid of death and full of faith in the existence of a community of holy people that he had set out to ? nd. Besides, he was too exhausted to turn back. After another few days of lonely trekking, he was suddenly accosted by two strangers who made themselves understood to him, even though they spoke an unknown language. Thereupon Sergius was taken to a village where, after recuperating, he was given a job in a monastic-type establishment collating manuscripts.Later he was moved to an underground cavern lit by a peculiar light that aroused his wonder, illume everything, dispelling darkness and shadows so that all appeared very even and gentle (The Saga of Belovodye, ibid. ). Later, Sergius was moved to a nearby location where he was accepted as a brother. www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS As the months and years passed, the Slavic monk gained great spiritual knowledge. He was intensely happy that at last he had found patient, compassionate, all-seeing wise people who worked for the bene? t of manki nd.He learned that, invisibly, they observed everything that was taking place in the outside world and were concerned about growing forces of evil on Earth. Father Sergius also learned that a number of people from various countries had endeavoured to enter this domain, but without success. The inhabitants observed a strict law whereby only seven persons in a century could visit their abode. Six would return to the outside world with secret knowledge, and one would remain to live in Shambhala without ageing, for time stood still in the clockwork of his genes. Before his return to Kiev, FatherSergius lived his ? al years teaching wisdom in a cavern system that was later developed into the Monastery of the Caves. It seems that those six people, like Sergius, became outside coworkers of Shambhala, reservation up a small outer circle of wisdombearers. One, an associate co-worker of the Mahatmas, Brahma lyoti of Delhi, had been in constant contact with the super-beings in the Himalayas w ho manage the world by the power of thought (Anne Marshall, Hunting the Guru in India, Victor Gollancz Ltd, London, 1963). It is also said that over the centuries, small numbers of Tibetan sages from the Valley of the Immortals? were responsible for fit up the White Mystery Schools of the East and West (Albert Mackey, MD, A Concise History of Freemasonry, McClure Publishing, Philadelphia, 1917 ed. , Origins entry). Enlightened souls from Shambhala are considered to be apostles from the Valley of the Immortals, for those messengers are directly maneuver by the Mahatmas and intended for a certain part of the world at a given time in history (Sergy C. Tatyana, Crimson Snow-heaps in the Himalayas, Lvovich Publishing, Moscow, 1925, translation by Larissa M. Vasiler, p. 97). www. vatileaks. comSHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS According to Tibetan lore, signi? cant records of Shambhala and its inhabitants were once in existence. They were published in several volumes of the Yung-Lo ta-t ien, the largest encyclopaedia in the world, which preserved a citizenry of ancient knowledge including a collection of ancient yeti sightings (yeti means magical creature in Tibetan). This magni? cent tome, compiled in the 15th century, was composed of 50 million handwritten Chinese characters bound in 11,095 volumes. Once housed in the Yuan Ming Yuan, the Old Summer Palace in Beijing, it mostly perished when he rook was partially done for(p) by British and French forces in 1860 during the Second Opium War. Today, only 370 volumes survive, scattered in libraries throughout the world. When we see how much has been lost of the ethnic heritage of older civilisations, we shouldnt ? nd it hard to imagine that there may have been many earlier high civilisations about which little is known, Shambhala being one. Subterranean Vaults in the Himalayas Legends of hidden underground libraries, treasures and exquisite artefacts connected to Shambhala are persistently spoken of in Asia and ar e described as secret storehouses of ancient knowledge.Earlier civilisations saw ? t to preserve something of the science and arts of cultures then vanishing through natural catastrophe or war or for other reasons otherworldly or unfathomable. Tibetan tradition af? rms that time capsules and precious silk-bound volumes are hidden in the innermost recesses of the divine Mt Kangchenjunga, the third highest peak in the Himalayas. Nicholas Roerich learned that a stone door leads to what he called the Five Sacred Treasures of the Great Snow, and his guides advised him against attempting to entei into the chambers because everything divulged before the destined date results in untold harm (N.K. Roerich www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Himalayas Abode of Light, Nalanda Publications Bombay, 1947). In the Altai Mountains, Roerich also learned that the Himalayan foothills have concealed entrances leading to subterranean passages and chambers deep below the surface, where mysterious artefacts and exotic treasures have been stored from the beginning of world history. Roerich was also told of a secret underground storehouse on the Karakoram Pass in the Himalayas at an elevation of 19,500 feet (5,944 metres).His chief guide advised him that great treasures were preserved under the snowy ridge, and he remarked that even the lowly ones among the populace know of vast caverns that hold ancient artefacts. He enquired whether Roerich was aware of books in the outer world that record the location of these subterranean vaults. The wise old courier had spent years in the mountains and he questioned Roerich as to why foreigners, who claim to know so much, could not ? d the obvious entrances to underground palaces on the Karakoram Pass. During his 12 years in northern Tibet in the mid-1800s, Chinese explorer ha Chun-Pingwa spoke with Buddhist monks who claimed that in a secluded part of the Altyn Tagh Ridge there exists a vast network of underground galleries an d museums housing a collection of several million breathtaking artefacts, protected by ever-watchful caretakers.In his memoir, Jia wrote about a subterranean museum that holds miscellaneous objets dart depicting the evolution of mankind on this planet over the course of thousands of years (ha Chun-Pingwa, The Land of No Grass and No Water, The Great Liberation Publishing House, Lhasa, Tibet, 1917 extracts translated for Tony Bushby by Wendy Shin Liu, Jiangwan Town, Shanghai, China, 2009). He described the entrance to this particular series of chambers as being to the left of a deep gorge containing a small cluster of unimpressive houses that mark the site of what may be the worlds greatest museum. www. atileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Jia was not the only one to have described this collection. It is secure from intrusion, and nothing will disturb its age-old collected works the entrances are concealed, and vaults with manuscripts and artefacts lie deep within the bow els of the earth (Fundamental Promises, a Chinese Buddhist manuscript c. 1820, author unknown translation by Ti-tzang, 1911, pp. 79-81, passim original housed in the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, Dharamsala, India). A local resident said that at our bazaar, the people of this area come out with. trange, very ancient money, and nobody could evenremember when such money was in usage here (Sergy C. Tatyana, Crimson Snow-heaps in the Himalayas, op. cit. , P. 231). Author Andrew Tomas was of the opinion that all these secret places are connected with the conundrum of Shambhala (A. Tomas, Shambhala Oasis of Light, Sphere Books, London, 1977, p. 53). Madame Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1831-1891), the Russian-born traveller and mystic who founded the Theosophical Society in 1875, alluded to the existence of Shambhala giving it currency for western enthusiasts of the occult.She claimed that sages of the East are in a position to release to the world ancient documents that will upset the opinions of historians. She saw a number of secret repositories in northern India, and wrote that initiated yogis know of a vast network of underground libraries that expands out from cave temples right across northern Tibet. Vatican archives preserve, rare reports from early- 19thcentury missionaries which record that, in times of crisis, leaders of various countries sent deputations into the Himalayas to seek advice from the Genii in the Mountains (Catholic Encyclopedia, Pecci Edition, vol. i, p. 299). However, these documents do not reveal where the representatives went. An undated manuscript written by Monseigneur Delaplace around 120 years ago supports the belief of sages of Central www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Asia that people with special knowledge live in inaccessible and exclusive parts of the Himalayas (Annales de la Propagation de la Foi, translation by Pierre L. Josselin, 1929 extract cited in A. Tomas, Shambhala,op. cit. , p. 28). The Tibet an epic of Ghessar Khan foresaw the opening of certain hidden halls of records at a time when steel ships ? in the sky, and Madame Blavatsky opined that some hidden manuscripts would be subtly and intentionally released in a spiritually richer future (The Theosophist, July 1912). Great is the Tibetan belief in an illumined subterranean people, who on occasion have been seen with torches in the dark. Roerich told of a man of great appearance who arrived in Tibet from Siberia with his caravaneers and proudly stated, I shall prove to you that the tale about the subterranean people is not a fantasy. I shall lead you to the entrances of their subterranean kingdoms (N. K. Roerich, Flame in Chalice, Nicholas Roerich Museum, New York, 1929).Whether or not he did is not recorded in Rberichs books. through all of Asia, through all the deserts, and from the oceans to the Urals, wondrous traditions of holy people living in mysterious underground cities exist. And while many pages of the story of mans life on this planet have been torn out by the hand of Time, these ancient traditions do attest to the reality of secret treasures and depositories of rare writings stored in isolation that record knowledge from time immemorial. The White Pyramid and The Shambhala Triangle In an attachment to a rare 18th-century Tibetan book Road to Shambhala (written by he third Panchen Lama 1738-17801, translation by Cheng Yuan, 1901), intriguing references are made to a winged humanoid race which once lived in Tibet and subsequently destroyed itself. This same document also records the existence of numerous pyramidal structures in various locations across the Roof of the World, www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS unknown to the western world. Some of these edi? ces are described as fabulous, and multicoloured versions were set amongst dozens of other pyramids (ibid. ). The reality of pyramidal clusters in the Himalayas was con? rmed in more recent times, the ? st functi onal report being that of American trader Fred Meyer Schroder, who in 1912 accidentally stumbled upon a giant pyramid surrounded by smaller structures. Amazed, he asked his Buddhist monk-guide what they equal and was told that 5,000-year-old lamaist documents not only contain information about the purpose of these pyramids but reveal that they were immensely old when the records were written. If this dating were ever con? rmed, the Himalayan pyramids would be older than the accepted dating of the Giza pyramids. Some 33 years later, another remarkable pyramid was sighted that seems to have embarrassed the scholarly world.In the northern spring of 1945, US Air Force pilot James Gaussman was ? ying an aircraft from China to India across Tibet when he was forced to reduce altitude because of an engine malfunction. He reportedly said I ? ew around a mountain and then we came to a valley. Directly below us was a gigantic white pyramid. It looked like it was from a fairy tale. The pyramid was draped in shimmering white. It could have been metal, or a form of stone. It was white on all sides. What was most curious about it was its capstone a large piece of precious gem-like material. I was deeply moved by the colossal size of the thing. Hartwig Hausdorf, Die Weisse Pyramide The White Pyramid, republished in English as The Chinese Roswell, New Paradigm Books, Florida, 1998, p. 112) Gaussman believed that this pyramid exceeded 1,000 feet (-305 metres) in height, more than double that of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Gaussmans photographs were never published, but a black and white picture of an earthen www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS pyramid near Xian, the capital of Chinas Shaanxi Province, was presented to the media in 1990 as the gigantic white pyramid that Gaussman supposedly photographed 45 years earlier. However, Gaussmans ? ght path was some 500 miles (805 kilometres) northwest of the published pyramid photo, and one suspects that this particu lar image was released by Chinese authorities to keep the existence of the White Pyramid secret from western knowledge. In 1947, two years after Gaussmans sighting, another US aviator, Maurice Sheahan, ? ying southwest over Shaanxi Province, also espied a gigantic white pyramid. some(prenominal) US newspapers, including the New York Times (28 March 1947), published accounts of his sighting. In Himalayas Abode of Light, Roerich spoke of three frontier posts of Shambhala that suggest a triangularshaped area de? ing the precincts of this mysterious kingdom. The location of these boundary markers is unknown, but when a triangle is created at the same angles as the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt (51 degrees 51 minutes), starting at around 50 degrees north latitude and using longitude 88 degrees as the western (base) boundary, it intersects with Gaussmans 1945 ? ight path near where he sighted the gigantic white pyramid. Using the southwest subsequence of his ? ight path, the southern frontier post is determined at its intersection with longitude 88 degrees.Within this isolated triangle, some surprising events are known to have happened and probably the most fascinating is the so-called Tibetan Roswell. The Tibetan Roswell In the ? rst week of January 1938, a scienti? c expedition led by Chinese archaeologist Chi Pu Tel penetrated deep into mountainous regions of BaianKara-Ula, somewhere near where the Yangtze and Mekong rivers begin their long, meandering course southward. There they discovered a cave system with graves aligned in parallel rows, undisturbed for millennia. These graves were without headstones or epitaphs, but on the cave walls were www. atileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS drawings of ? gures with elongated heads as well as depictions of planets. Archaeologists excavated the graves and found skeletons with abnormally large skulls and tiny bodies less than four feet (1. 22 metres) in length. On the cavern ? oor, half-buried in dust, th ey found the ? rst of 716 strange stone discs, each with a hole in its centre and resembling a long-playing gramophone record. Each disc was incised with grooves spiralling out to the perimeter which were found to be composed of closely written characters that spelled out a message.Later, in 1962, four scientists led by Japanese professor Tsum Urn Nui of Beijings Academy of Prehistory announced that they had ? nally decoded the discs. They revealed that the discs told of the crash landing of an alien space vehicle some 12,000 years ago. It seems that the crew survived, but the craft was too badly damaged to be able to ? y again. After encountering numerous dif? culties in making the spectacular results public knowledge, Professor Tsum Urn Nui resigned his position and returned to Japan. However, the scienti? community of the Soviet Union did not reject his report, and the results of further testing using an oscillograph supported Professor Tsum Urn Nuis outstanding ? ndings. www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS The Crystal Cave of the Nagas A passage in the opening pages of the Mahabharata states that this epic was written in a beautiful valley at the foot of Mount Meru. That valley is said to be Sharnbhala. It would be fair to conclude that the worlds longest epic was originally written in the scriptoriums of the Immortals and then became the foundation of major Eastern understandings.Tradition maintains that Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) and Lao Tzu (c. 600 BCE), founder of Taoism, both visited the Valley of the Immortals. The Bon priests of Tibet admit that they received their faith from this same stream of philosophy (Baikal magazine USSR, no. 3, 1969). The Bon faith the oldest spiritual tradition in Tibet, developed from a manuscript the priests called The First Scripture. . . the True teaching the tradition is of Eternal Wisdom that came from the Immortals of Shambhala (L. C. Hamamoto, The Soul Doctrine, Lhasa, translation by C. Chan , 1916, pp. 97-99, passim). www. vatileaks. comSHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Another ancient Tibetan book also had its origin in the Himalayas. Called the Bardo Thodol in Tibetan, it is known in the western world as The Tibetan Book of the Dead, and it is traditionally read aloud to dying persons to help them attain liberation of the soul after death. Tradition maintains that this extraordinary writing originated with a race called the Nagas, and lamaist records indicate that eight members of this race were associated with meetings with the King of Shambhala. In Tibetan understanding, they are noted for their profound wisdom, and the existence of the Nagas is ? mly established in the ancient lore of northern India. It is said that the Nagas have human faces of great beauty, serpentine body features and the ability to ? y when they emerge from Patala, the Netherworid. Prince Arjuna, Lord Krishnas disciple, is alleged to have visited and conversed with the Nagas. According to trad ition, it is said that they live in the Palace of the Serpents in fabulous subterranean abodes illuminated by crystals and precious stones. Roerich called one of his paintings The Lake of the Nagas (1932), and another shows a Naga sitting on an island in a northern Tibetan lake east of the Altai Mountains.This locates the Nagas in The Shambhala Triangle. Some ancient authors claim that the Nagas (male) and Naginis (female) originally intermarried with humans, mostly with great kings, queens and sages or humans of great spirituality (Iamblichus, On the Mysteries, particularly those of the Egyptians, Chaldeans and the Assyrians, fourth century also referenced in Passport to Shambhala, West Siberia Geographical Society, 1923, English translation by Professor Vladimir Andrei Vasiliu, 1933, p. 174).It is also said that selected people have had the privilege of entering the vast caves of the Nagas, connected by tunnels like an anthill, stretching hundreds of kilometres inside the mountain ranges across northern India and deep into northern Tibet. www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Roerichs paintings total in the hundreds, and some are of locations in Russia, Mongolia, Egypt and elsewhere. There is something mysterious about the way he handles perspectives and atmospheres that appears to indicate other dimensions and alien orders of being, or at least gateways or portals leading to such.Those fantastic inscribed stones in lonely upland areas Lao Tzu on the back of a water overawe heading west into an avenue of arched trees a massive book some two metres thick, lying open with a person standing on a timber block looking down upon its pages a human skull of immense size his subtle depiction of pyramids in the background of several of his paintingsoall of these suggest that Roerich was revealing obscure information in painted ciphers.Maybe he was honouring the Oath of Shambhala, that being an agreement forbidding visitors to reveal openly what they s aw or learned while in the Valley of the Immortals (Passport to Shambhala, op. cit. , p. 189). Roerich called this painting Most Sacred (Treasure of the Mountain). In it, he shows huge crystals dwar? ng humans clustered together in the speed left of the picture. Nicholas Roerich, 1933 (Nicholas Roerich Museum, New York visit http//www. roerich. org. ) www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Dead Alien Found AliveAn American drugs and arms dealer, John Spencer, a resident of China in the years following World War 1 inadvertently found himself in a lamaist monastery at Tuerin in southwestern Mongolia. He had collapsed of exhaustion on a mountain track while ? eeing authorities in China, and was found by monks who took him to their monastery to recover.. At that same time, the monks were hosting another visiting American, William Thompson, a scholar who was analyze Far Eastern religious beliefs in their library. A few days later, the recuperating John Spencer was explo ring external areas of the monastery when he came upon a set of weather-beaten teps leading down to a small metal door. He opened it and entered into a spacious, brightly coloured, I2-sided room. The walls were decorated with drawings of heavenly constellations, celestial bodies and zodiac signs. In wonderment, Spencer ran his hand over the surface of a wall, and unexpectedly a nearby panel noiselessly opened inwards, revealing a dark tunnel beyond. He noticed a pale kelvin light at a distance, and advanced into the gloom. After several minutes, Spencer reached the end of the tunnel and entered a large cavern, brilliant with an eerie green light.Along the length of one wall were 30 cof? ns, neatly laid out side by side in a long row. Thinking that they may contain jewelry or treasure, Spencer started opening the cof? ns, and in the ? rst three he found corpses of monks wearing garb similar to that of his monastic helpers. As Hartwig Hausdorf reported In the fourth lay a woman in m ens clothing in the ? fth a man who he guessed was from India, and who wore a red silk jacket in the third to-last, there lay, perfectly preserved and clothed in white linen, the body of a male in the next-to-last cof? there rested the body of a female whose ethnic origins he couldnt quite determine (Die Weisse Pyramide, republished as The www. vatileaks. com SHAMBHALA VALLEY OF THE IMMORTALS Chinese Roswell, op cit. , p. 61 passim). Remarkably, the corpses showed no sigm of decomposition, and Spencer reasoned that the cof? ns had been there a long time. insert picture Roerich called this painting Most Sacred (Treasure of the Mountain). In it, he shows huge crystals dwar? ng humans clustered together in the upper left of the picture. 0 Nicholas Roerich, 1933 (Nicholas Roerich Museum, New York, http// www. oerich. org) Failing to ? nd any treasure, Spencer ? nally reached the last cof? n and lifted the lid. To his amazement, he looked down upon a small creature dressed in shimmering silver clothing. Its large head was a silvery colour, with huge closed eyelids, no mouth and a short stub of a nose. When he bent down to tracing the corpse, its huge opal-shaped eyes suddenly opened and glared at him, emitting a piercing green light that blinded the would-be tomb robber. Spencer slammed the lid shut and ran petri? ed from the cavern, tearing his clothing on protruding rock walls in his panic to depart.He reentered the monastery proper, and was told by a high- ranking lama that the creature he saw was an ef? gy of a great master who had come from the stars (ibid. ). The lama tried to convince him that he had only imagined that the creature was alive, but Spencer never doubted the reality of his weird encounter. Startled, he related his experience to William Thompson, who subsequently published details in an American periodical, Adventure, some time after his return to the USA. A few days later, Spencer left the monastery and disappeared without trace. He was never heard of again.Russian Scientists View an Ethereal Solar System In subterranean Tibet, a bearded guide told Roerich in 1928, many great treasures of Wisdom are buried when released, one very old cache of scienti? c artifacts will stun the world (N. K. Roerich, Flame in Chalice. ,op. cit. ). www. vatileak

Once More to the Lake

During his vacation flannel notices that although the arrival to the lake was deferent, as well as the boats which were on the lake, the lake Itself had not changed at all. The commute to the lake had changed from what E. B. albumin had originally experienced as a child. The hop away to the lake was now a completely new experience. Originally, getting to the lake was a long, extremely anticipated Journey, starting with the vituperate station and loading luggage onto horse buggies which would take them on a ten mile trip leading to the lake. The prescience would grow as the carriage got closer to the lake.Coming over the last hill to see the lake and other campers cheering for your arrival was full of excitement. Now, in that respect was no train station and there was no carriage ride. The excitement had been diminished by the newer paved roadway which led to within one(a) half mile of the lake. The road now was the cause of campers to pull right up to their camp and unloa d in a quick amount of time and without world detected by fellow campers. Another change which had transpired was the updates of the camp Itself. The path to the lake was not the only one that had changed through the years.Walking three tracks in the road, but two. in that respect used to be a middle track that was made by the horses pulling the carriages of people to dinner at the restaurant. Now, the path no longer was one for horses. Also, the stores parking down used to be dirt and gravel, but is now paved for customers driving their cars to buy manufactured drinks rather than the root beer and birch beer White would buy when he was a child. Change was expected by E. B. White, but the one change he did not enjoy was the motor boats cruising across the water system of the lake.Their newer designs with the outboard motors were unsettling to White and disturbed the peacefulness of the lake. The older boats had an inboard motor which was a much softer, relaxing sound which aided in the relaxation of a summer vacation. rase the way the boats were operated had changed as well. The older boats were not equipped with reverse, so landing the boat at the dock required a more(prenominal) sense of confidence, so you didnt crash into the dock with a speedy approach. Though there were many changes, one thing had not changed and that is the lake itself.Through all the changes E. B. White console managed to grasp the contact that time had not really passed by because the lake remained the same to him. It is the one thing that kept people returning. The smells of the lake, the activities done by people on the lake, the fish that swam in its water, the people and the people too all had remained as White once knew it. He is fishing with his son at one consign and a nighthawk lands on the end of his fishing pole and he describes that moment as if no mime had passed since he went fishing with his own protoactinium as a boy.Even the paddle boat they were fishing from was the same color and had the same details as he remembered as if it were the exact boat he paddled in before. hotshot of the afternoons of their week-long stay a thunderstorm came and sent everyone returning to their camp. There White watched the storm hail in Just as he had before. It was a enthralling spectacle for him to see the lightning, hear the thunder, and watch the rain fall on the lake as the storm moved on. As the storm left, people would come ace out to the lake in their swimsuits to swim in the rain.Once More to the LakeDuring his vacation White notices that although the arrival to the lake was deferent, as well as the boats which were on the lake, the lake Itself had not changed at all. The commute to the lake had changed from what E. B. White had originally experienced as a child. The trip to the lake was now a completely new experience. Originally, getting to the lake was a long, highly anticipated Journey, starting with the train station and loading luggage ont o horse buggies which would take them on a ten mile trip leading to the lake. The anticipation would grow as the carriage got closer to the lake.Coming over the last hill to see the lake and other campers cheering for your arrival was full of excitement. Now, there was no train station and there was no carriage ride. The excitement had been diminished by the newer paved road which led to within one half mile of the lake. The road now was the cause of campers to pull right up to their camp and unload in a quick amount of time and without being detected by fellow campers. Another change which had transpired was the updates of the camp Itself. The path to the lake was not the only one that had changed through the years.Walking three tracks in the road, but two. There used to be a middle track that was made by the horses pulling the carriages of people to dinner at the restaurant. Now, the path no longer was one for horses. Also, the stores parking lot used to be dirt and gravel, but is now paved for customers driving their cars to buy manufactured drinks rather than the root beer and birch beer White would buy when he was a child. Change was expected by E. B. White, but the one change he did not enjoy was the motor boats cruising across the water of the lake.Their newer designs with the outboard motors were unsettling to White and disturbed the peacefulness of the lake. The older boats had an inboard motor which was a much softer, relaxing sound which aided in the relaxation of a summer vacation. Even the way the boats were operated had changed as well. The older boats were not equipped with reverse, so landing the boat at the dock required a more sense of confidence, so you didnt crash into the dock with a speedy approach. Though there were many changes, one thing had not changed and that is the lake itself.Through all the changes E. B. White still managed to grasp the feeling that time had not really passed by because the lake remained the same to him. It is th e one thing that kept people returning. The smells of the lake, the activities done by people on the lake, the fish that swam in its water, the people and the people too all had remained as White once knew it. He is fishing with his son at one point and a dragonfly lands on the end of his fishing pole and he describes that moment as if no mime had passed since he went fishing with his own dad as a boy.Even the paddle boat they were fishing from was the same color and had the same details as he remembered as if it were the exact boat he paddled in before. One of the afternoons of their week-long stay a thunderstorm came and sent everyone returning to their camp. There White watched the storm come in Just as he had before. It was a fascinating spectacle for him to see the lightning, hear the thunder, and watch the rain fall on the lake as the storm moved on. As the storm left, people would come ace out to the lake in their swimsuits to swim in the rain.

Icarus in Prose, Poetry and Visual Art Essay

What does it take for one to achieve freedom? As a father, what sacrifices can you give to let your son live the sustenance of a freeman? For an artist and creator, Daedalus, the best of his ability and skills are his weapons in order to give himself and his son, Icarus, the taste of freedom. His sacrifice has been none other than his son.For centuries and millenia, the flooring of Icarus and Daedalus has awful the whole world, and has been told and retold by different writers and poets and illustrated and upchuck to life by various artists on stage and on canvas. This famed tale is all about an armourer and his sons attempted escape from a Labyrinth whom he himself has designed.Daedalus, is a talented, remarkable craftsman, who was conscripted by King Minos of Crete to design a Labyrinth to hold up a Minotaur, a half- military man half-bull creature who is the son of Pasiphae, Minos wife. To feed it, the palace will have to receive human sacrifices and thrown to the Labyrinth . In the course of the story, a hero, Theseus, came to the maneuver with the objective to kill the beast, putting a stoppage to the brutal sacrifice. The daughter of the king, Adriane, fell in love with him and with the help of Daedalus, was able to give him the tip of the wreathe as a means to escape the Labyrinth. In some renditions of the story, it was said that Theseus and Adriane eloped and thus, catching Daedalus in the ire of the king.For this, Daedalus and Icarus, his son, were imprisoned in the Labyrinth in sit of the Minotaur. Otherwise, there were versions indicating that the imprisonment was single in the light that King Minos wanted to keep the secrecy of the Labyrinth structure. In any case, Daedalus imprisonment has always been composition of the story, alongside their escape feat.Since the king of Crete had jurisdiction over sea and land, Daedalus found it best to travel through the skies. He crafted two pairs of wings out of feathers, strings, and jump for bot h himself and his son, of course, to be able to fly. Icarus has been given re listeners by his father by saying, Icarus, my son, I charge you to keep at a moderate height, for if you fly in addition low the damp will clog your wings, and if too high the heat will melt them. Keep near me and you will be safe.This reminder has been put to wste though, as our young hero has been overcome by giddiness and excitement, and his curiosity to see what lies beyond the clouds lead him to soar higher. It was to late for him to try to go acantha to the previous altitude for afterwards, he saw that his wings melted and he rocketed down to the ocean. What went back to Daedalus then was the dead body of his son. As a shelter to his son, he named the place as Icaria. In some versions that could be found in the web, it was said that Heracles passed by to give him a burial.The most enduring elements that the story that existed in all versions of the story of Icarus were the presence of the wings ex act resemblance to that of a birds, the construction of the Labyrinth, the Minotaur, Daedalus and Icarus imprisonment, and their escape. Also, the standard plot then begins with Daedalus being elect as the one who would design the labyrinth to constrict the Minotaur, being imprisoned with his son, escaping from prison and seeing his son die.These elements have been retained in the story believably because of their impact to the story. The story contain various themes, such as the sweetness of freedom, human ingenuity and ambition, the real essence of freedom, vanity of the human race.The whole story is a puzzle, just like the Labyrinth that Daedalus made. One would not help asking what is the purpose of having Icarus death in the story? Why does it seem that Icarus was plainly made to be able to fly in order to die? Is Icarus death supposed to teach us that we should not violate the rules of nature? I have read this story when I was a kid, and the only character left to be remembe red was Icarus, and the feat before his death. Reading it once again brought my minds focus again to the father his love for the son, his craftmanship and his grief at the death of his son.The story has taught us so much about the different sides of human nature, and our tendency to go in between. King Minos has been much filled with cruelty, and Daedalus on the other hand proved to be the softest and the most tender of all. It was the cruelty of Minos to chap humans as food for a Minotaur, on one side, and Daedalus compassion to give Adriane the clue to the Labyrinth to help Theseus escape and his love as a fathe r on the other.To add to this theme tableau, we can thus witness the suffering that the oppressed people experienced. Such are the incarceration of people who only chose to be at the right side, the endless sacrifice of people of all ages by being fed to the Minotaur. The thirst for freedom, in itself, is a means to take up suffering. Icarus death on the other hand, make s clear to us that not all things end up happily. We cannot escape sufferings that our life can give us. Freedom is never absolute, it pays its price. The story meant well.

Benchmarking: University and Target Organizations Essay

What is bench marking? Benchmarking is an approach for departments to measure and compare themselves with higher-performing departments with the goal of identifying work processes, products, goods, or strategies that will lead to improvement. Benefits of benchmarking Identify best practices that emergence student satisfaction. Achieve efficiencies and increase productivity. Helpful during times of budget growth and reduction. Broaden perspectives and overcome resistance change. Demonstrate the calibre and efficiency of your programs and go. Origins of benchmarking Emerged in 1980s as a selection tool for Xerox. In 1990, first university benchmark study conducted by the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education. In 1992, the National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) conducted a national benchmark study on administrative services. Since 1992, hundreds of schools have participated in NACUBOs benchmark studies on topics ranging from admissions to purchasing. Today many higher education associations conduct benchmark studies. Opportunities for benchmarking in higher education Admissions process of reviewing of applications Registrar processing transcript requests .Center for Student Involvement processing the registration of student organizations Student Health go scheduling doctor appointments Campus Recreation signing students up for recreation classes Career Services registering employers in job fairs Crafts Center registering students in workshops Human Resources processing timesheets and payroll Transportation Services arranging for special event parking services Police computer aided dispatch services Facilities Design project figure review process Five steps to benchmarking 1. Planning 2. Identifying target organizations 3. Data collection.4. Analysis 5. Implementation quality 1. Planning Limit the study to what is vital to the consummation of your department. Consider highly regarded practices or services that can be made even better. Look into practices or services that students and staff regard as distressed. labor intensive, time consuming processes with suspected waste Services or processes that generate dissatisfaction with students. Processes that affect other key processes in your department or other departments. Processes with poorly defined objectives or frequent errors requiring corrections. Prioritizing your benchmarking projects .Potential for improvement in student satisfaction or staff productivity, Extent to which the process or service is broken, Feasibility of re-engineering the service or product. Selecting benchmark study team Involve staff members who are most familiar with the processes or services. If processes or services hunt down to other departments, involve their staff as well. Include a staff member who can successfully recruit the target organizations to participate in the study.Step 2. Identifying target organi zations Identify recognized leaders based on awards, conference presentations, articles in association publications, and leaders in yourfield. Target organizations can be departments inner(a) to the university that perform similar processes or offer similar services. with similar processes or services at other universities. outside of higher education with similar functions, products, or services. Step 2. Identifying target organizations To ease the recruiting the process look for institutions that affiliate with one another in some manner. They still need to be top performers prepare their cooperation by Ensuring confidentiality of the results. Making their participation easy by minimizing their investment of time in the study. Promising to share the results. Step 3. Data collection The objective of data collection is to examine processes or services, resources devoted to processes or services, and measure mathematical operation. Step 3. Data collection Use methods such as telephone interviews, on line of merchandise surveys, collection of department information (e. g. , organizational charts, procedure manuals) detailed flowcharts of internal processes interviews during meetings at conference, interviews and observation during site visits Step 3. Data collection Measuring performance involves developing metrics such as QUALITY student satisfaction surveys, EFFICIENCY number of transactions completed per departmental FTE, or departmental approach per transaction processed. Examples of metrics Benchmarking study of custodial services in Student Centers QUALITY Staff and student ratings of the appearance of various spaces in the facility (e. g. ,bathrooms, dine spaces, meeting spaces, lounge spaces). EFFICIENCY Number of FTE dedicated to custodial services divided by facility square footage Number of FTE dedicated to custodial services divided by the number of plenty who visit the facility each day Amount of supplies and expenses budgeted tocustodial services divided by the number of people who visit the facility each day. Step 4. Analysis Your analysis may focus on Differences in quality and efficiency levels. Factors that contribute to the differences in quality and efficiency including Organizational structure, Leadership and mission Organizational stability and staff experience, Policies, Work flows and internal processes, Use of technology such as the web, email, phone Staffing levels, development of staff, Division of job responsibilities, Funding, Use of assessment to receive student feedback Step 5. Implementation Analysis phase culminates in a documented action jut and recommendations Identify strengths and weaknesses relative to benchmark partners, Recommendation may include changing processes, job responsibilities, staff involved, use of technology and development of software tools. Resources American union for Quality http//www. asq. org Student Voice http//www. studentvoice. com Educational Benchmarking Inc. http//www. webebi. com Has national benchmark studies on first year experience, housing, Greek life, student centers, student organization leaders. International Benchmarking Clearinghouse http//www. apqc. org